{"id":3160,"date":"2024-01-08T16:33:02","date_gmt":"2024-01-08T16:33:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/temanmama.org\/?p=3160"},"modified":"2024-01-08T16:33:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T16:33:02","slug":"beberapa-jenis-gangguan-pada-tumbuh-kembang-anak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/temanmama.org\/?p=3160","title":{"rendered":"Beberapa Jenis Gangguan pada Tumbuh Kembang Anak"},"content":{"rendered":"

Setiap anak mempunyai fase pertumbuhan atau milestone yang berbeda-beda. Namun, terkadang ada sebagian orang tua yang tidak menyadari bahwa anaknya mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan. Padahal, masalah ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada tumbuh kembang si kecil, bahkan bisa berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan jangka panjang anak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karena itu, sebagai orang tua, penting bagi TemanMama dan Ayah untuk mengetahui dan mengenal berbagai jenis gangguan pada tumbuh kembang anak. Pasalnya, jika kondisi ini tidak segera ditangani, masalah ini dikhawatirkan bisa mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, bahkan mungkin bisa menetap pada diri anak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Untuk itu, berikut ialah beberapa jenis gangguan pada tumbuh kembang anak balita yang perlu TemanMama ketahui.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Gangguan Spektrum Autisme<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Menurut <\/span>Mayo Clinic<\/span><\/i>, gangguan spektrum autisme ialah gangguan pada perkembangan otak yang berdampak terhadap kemampuan interaksi sosial serta komunikasi anak. Kondisi ini bisa membuat anak sulit untuk menjalin hubungan sosial dengan orang lain, seperti di sekolah atau di lingkungan sekitarnya.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gangguan ini bisa muncul sejak masa kanak-kanak. Meski begitu, anak dengan kondisi autisme bisa tumbuh normal di tahun-tahun pertama setelah kelahirannya.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autisme merupakan gangguan perkembangan yang akan dialami seumur hidup oleh anak. Tetapi, dengan perawatan dan terapi yang rutin dilakukan, anak akan bisa hidup lebih mandiri serta dapat menyesuaikan diri di lingkungan sosial.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. ADHD<\/strong><\/h4>\n

ADHD atau <\/span>attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder<\/span><\/i> ialah gangguan tumbuh kembang yang mempengaruhi otak anak. Anak dengan kondisi ADHD tampak sulit memusatkan perhatiannya terhadap satu hal. Anak dengan kondisi ini juga cenderung memiliki perilaku yang hiperaktif dan impulsif.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Gangguan Belajar<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Learning disability<\/span><\/i> atau gangguan belajar merupakan salah satu gangguan tumbuh kembang selanjutnya yang bisa dialami oleh anak-anak. Secara garis besar, kondisi ini bisa ditandai saat anak terlihat kesulitan memahami materi pelajaran meski sudah diajari dan dilatih secara berulang.<\/span><\/p>\n

Beberapa contoh gangguan belajar yang cukup umum, di antaranya:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Kesulitan membaca atau disleksia.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Kesulitan menulis atau disgrafia.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Kesulitan menghitung atau diskalkulia.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    4. Cerebral Palsy<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Cerebral palsy ialah gangguan tumbuh kembang yang bisa mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik anak untuk bergerak, menjaga keseimbangan tubuhnya, serta mempertahankan postur. Gangguan tumbuh kembang ini bisa muncul ketika anak berusia balita.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Kondisi ini sifatnya serius, serta bisa diakibatkan oleh kerusakan atau perkembangan otak yang tidak normal ketika organ tersebut harusnya sedang tahap berkembang.<\/span><\/p>\n

    5. Gangguan Berbahasa<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Apabila anak TemanMama mengalami kendala atau kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi, bisa jadi anak TemanMama mengalami gangguan berbahasa. Beberapa tanda jika anak mengalami gangguan berbahasa, di antaranya seperti:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Anak kesulitan mengucapkan suatu kalimat atau kata-kata.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Anak tidak mampu memahami kata atau kalimat.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Anak tidak bisa mengekspresikan diri.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Kemampuan berbicara si kecil muncul terlambat.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Jika anak menunjukkan gejala-gejala awal gangguan perkembangan, TemanMama harus segera membawa si kecil ke dokter spesialis anak. Selanjutnya, dokter akan mendiagnosis serta menemukan saran atau rekomendasi perawatan yang tepat bagi anak<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Setiap anak mempunyai fase pertumbuhan atau milestone yang berbeda-beda. Namun, terkadang ada sebagian orang tua yang tidak menyadari bahwa anaknya mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan. Padahal, masalah ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada tumbuh kembang si kecil, bahkan bisa berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan jangka panjang anak. Karena itu, sebagai orang tua, penting bagi TemanMama dan Ayah untuk mengetahui dan …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3159,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-balita","category-tumbuh-kembang"],"yoast_head":"\nBeberapa Jenis Gangguan pada Tumbuh Kembang Anak - TemanMama<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jenis gangguan tumbuh kembang anak, 1. Gangguan Spektrum Autisme, 2. ADHD, 3. 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