{"id":1966,"date":"2023-12-17T15:03:53","date_gmt":"2023-12-17T15:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/temanmama.org\/?p=1966"},"modified":"2023-12-17T15:03:53","modified_gmt":"2023-12-17T15:03:53","slug":"demam-berdarah-pada-anak-penyebab-gejala-dan-cara-mencegah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/temanmama.org\/?p=1966","title":{"rendered":"Demam Berdarah pada Anak: Penyebab, Gejala, dan Cara Mencegah"},"content":{"rendered":"

Demam berdarah atau DBD merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan virus <\/span>dengue<\/span><\/i> serta ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk aedes aegypti. Penyakit demam berdarah ini akan membuat penderitanya merasakan nyeri hebat, bahkan seluruh persendian dan tulang di tubuh terasa retak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Karena itu, apabila penyakit ini tidak segera diobati dengan baik, demam berdarah dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi penyakit lainnya yang cukup parah, bahkan berisiko menyebabkan kematian pada penderitanya.<\/span><\/p>\n

Untuk lebih lengkapnya, berikut adalah penjelasan mengenai penyebab, gejala, dan cara mencegah demam berdarah pada anak.<\/span><\/p>\n

Penyebab Demam Berdarah<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Penyakit ini ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk aedes aegypti, yang kemudian virus <\/span>dengue<\/span><\/i> masuk ke aliran darah manusia dan membuatnya terinfeksi penyakit demam berdarah. Jenis nyamuk ini umumnya menyerang manusia di waktu pagi dan sore hari.<\/span><\/p>\n

Secara bentuk, nyamuk aedes aegypti cukup mudah dikenali tampilannya dengan ciri-ciri warna yang belang hitam-putih dan fisiknya yang kecil. Nyamuk ini tidak suka menghuni tempat yang kotor, melainkan nyamuk ini lebih suka menyasar di area-area yang bersih, seperti kamar mandi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Selain itu, terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang bisa membuat seseorang lebih rentan terserang penyakit DBD, di antaranya:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Mempunyai histori terinfeksi virus <\/span>dengue<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Sedang bepergian atau tinggal di daerah tropis.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Anak-anak balita, lansia, dan orang yang sistem kekebalan tubuhnya lemah.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Gejala Demam Berdarah pada Anak<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Demam berdarah biasanya ditandai dengan gejala awal demam tinggi hingga 40 derajat Celcius. Setelah itu, akan diikuti dengan beberapa gejala lain, mulai dari:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Sakit kepala.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Nyeri tulang, otot, dan sendi.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Mual serta muntah.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Nyeri di belakang mata.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Muncul ruam berwarna kemerahan di kulit.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Radang tenggorokan, yang membuat penderitanya sulit menelan dan minum.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Dengan perawatan medis yang tepat, beberapa gejala ini biasanya akan membaik setelah satu minggu. Tetapi, kondisi ini dapat memburuk hingga bisa mengancam nyawa apabila pembuluh darah pecah dan bocor.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Kondisi ini juga dapat berubah menjadi kritis jika jumlah sel pembentuk gumpalan dalam atau proses pembekuan (trombosit) aliran darah menurun. Hal inilah yang menyebabkan kegagalan organ, pendarahan internal, bahkan hingga kematian.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Selain itu, beberapa gejala demam berdarah yang parah meliputi:<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Sakit perut yang berlebihan.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Muntah secara terus-menerus.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Pendarahan melalui hidung ataupun gusi.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Muntah darah.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Pendarahan di bawah kulit.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Nafas terengah-engah.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Rasa lelah dan kegelisahan yang berlebihan.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Tips Mencegah DBD pada Anak<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        Salah satu cara yang cukup efektif untuk mencegah demam berdarah ialah dengan melakukan vaksinasi pada anak. Vaksinasi DBD dapat diberikan pada anak dengan usia 9 – 16 tahun. Selain dengan pemberian vaksin demam berdarah pada anak, berikut ini merupakan beberapa tips lain demi mencegah penyakit demam berdarah:<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Menggunakan tirai anti nyamuk pada setiap jendela dan pintu.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Memakai celana serta baju panjang, dan kaos kaki saat bermain keluar rumah.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Memasang kelambu di atas tempat tidur si kecil.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Menyemprotkan obat nyamuk di setiap kamar beberapa jam sebelum tidur.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Selain beberapa hal tersebut, rutin membersihkan pekarangan rumah, dan meletakkan ember atau wadah-wadah yang tidak terpakai lainnya dalam keadaan terbalik juga bisa menjadi salah satu upaya mencegah penyakit demam berdarah.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Demam berdarah atau DBD merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan virus dengue serta ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk aedes aegypti. Penyakit demam berdarah ini akan membuat penderitanya merasakan nyeri hebat, bahkan seluruh persendian dan tulang di tubuh terasa retak. Karena itu, apabila penyakit ini tidak segera diobati dengan baik, demam berdarah dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi penyakit lainnya yang …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1965,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kesehatan"],"yoast_head":"\nDemam Berdarah pada Anak: Penyebab, Gejala, dan Cara Mencegah - TemanMama<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Penyakit ini ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk aedes aegypti, yang kemudian virus dengue masuk ke aliran darah manusia dan membuatnya terinfeksi penyakit DBD.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/temanmama.org\/?p=1966\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Demam Berdarah pada Anak: Penyebab, Gejala, dan Cara Mencegah - 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